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Terms and Definitions

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Anti-foaming agent: A product used to diminish the tendency for the formulation of air bubbles during the manufacture of water-based coating systems.

Batch: The final quantity of any type of coating material produced in a single series of manufacturing operations.
Batch card: The record of the ingredients used in the manufacture of a given batch of a coating material, together with any subsequent additions to modify or standardise the batch.
Boot-topping paint: A particular type of marine paint used to accord protection to that part of a ship's hull at the "wind and water" line.

Caking: Settling of a dense deposit in a coating material that cannot be re-dispersed by simple stirring.
Chain stopper: A substance either added or formed during the polymerisation process which inhibits further increase in the length of the polymerchains.
Coalescing solvent: A solvent which, when added in limited quantities to certain water-based coatings, facilitates the formation of a continuous film of the binder.
Cosmetic corrosion: The type of corrosion that occurs on an automotive body when the steel substrate has been exposed as a result of adventitious mechanical damage.

Dirt pick-up: The tendency of a film of a coating material to attract soiling material that cannot be removed by simple washing.
Dirt resistance: The property of a film of a coating material to resist soiling, other than that from micro-organisms, which is deposited or embedded in the dried film.
Dirt retention: A defect characterised by the tendency of the dry film of a coating material to retain soiling material.
Distinctness of image (DOI): The assessment of the gloss level of a coating system, particularly in the automotive field, which involves the comparison of the sharpness of an image as reflected by the system under test with that of an agreed standard.

Face colour: Term used to describe the colour observed on paints, (particularly metallic paints) when they are viewed near to the normal. It may also be referred to as the "Top Colour". It is generally used in contrast to the term "Flop Colour", which is the colour observed near to the grazing angle, ie. nearly parallel to the surface (See FLOP COLOUR).
Fire retardant paint: A type of coating material which when exposed to heat is capable of impeding the spread of combustion (see Intumescent Coatings).
Flash rusting: The rapid and irreversible formation of rust stains in a water-borne coating material, especially when applied to blast-cleaned ferrous substrates, and which persist throughout the life of the film.
Flop: Where two different painted panels appear to be a good match for colour when viewed at a given angle, but which appear different in colour at all other angles. Also known as Geometric Metamerism.
Flop colour: Term used to describe the colour observed on paints (particularly metallic paints) when they are viewed near to the grazing angle, i.e. nearly parallel to the surface. The term is generally used in antithesis to the terms "Face Colour" or "Top Colour" - the colour observed when the surface is veiwed at an angle near to the normal. (See FACE COLOUR).

Gassing: The formation, in the can, of gaseous products in a coating material, due to the reaction between two or more constituents of the coating material or between the latter and the metal of the container (see Putrefaction).
Grip coat: A film of a coating material which, when applied to a substrate, bare or already painted, enhances the adhesion of a subsequent film of another coating material.

Holding primer: A low-build blast primer used to provide a temporary protection to steelwork until the complete paint system can be applied in accordance with accepted practice.
Humectant: A material capable of retaining moisture.

Intermediate coat: Any film of coating material that lies between the primary and finishing coats of a coating system.
Intumescent coating: A coating material which by foaming or swelling forms a voluminous substance when exposed to heat .

Mar resistance: The ability of a coating to resist damage caused by light abrasion, impact or pressure.

No pick-up time: The period between the application of a film of a road-marking paint and the precise moment when the film is no longer removed by an apparatus that simulates the passage of a tyre over the surface of the film.

Overprint varnish: A clear coating material designed for use over films applied by a printing process.

Primer sealer: A coating material used to seal and simultaneously prime a suitably prepared substrate.
Putrefaction: The decomposition in the can resulting from bacterial attack on a coating material.

Reactive diluent: A liquid that takes part in the film-forming process by combining with one or more of the constituents of a coating material.
Recoatability: The aptitude of a fully-dried film of a coating material to accept, without adverse effect, a subsequent coat of the same or similar material.
Roller application: A process whereby the coating material is applied by means of a hand-held roller of some soft material (e.g. foamed plastic).

Vehicle refinishing paint: A coating material that has been formulated to reproduce, as closely as possible, the colour, gloss and durability of the coating material that was applied originally to an automotive body and which has been subsequently damaged or has deteriorated.
Volatile organic compound (VOC): Fundamentally any organic liquid or solid that vaporises spontaneously at the prevailing temperature and pressure of the surrounding atmosphere.
Volatile organic compound content (VOCC): The mass of the volatile organic compounds present in a coating material, as determined under specified conditions.